Saturday, October 12, 2019
African Americans, HIV and AIDA Essay -- df
African Americans who live in low-income communities are more likely to engage in unprotected sexual activities than those who live in higher-income communities. ii Table of Contents Chapter                                                  Page/s I.     The Problem     1-2 II.     Theoretical Framework                                   3-5 III.     Hypothesis                                        6 IV.     Population and Design                                   7-8 V.     Conclusion                                        9-10 VI.     Bibliography                                        11-12 1 I. Problem Little to nothing was known about Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) when it first erupted in the 1970s. When the epidemic finally reached noticeable proportions in the early 1980s, a disease that knows no gender, racial, or class boundaries has created a devastating impact on society. This disease has afflicted society in virtually epidemic proportions. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in Atlanta, there are an estimated 1 million Americans infected with AIDS and 40,000-80,000 new infections with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) each year. There are few people who do not know someone who has died of AIDS, and it is estimated that, early in the new millennium, some forty million people worldwide will be infected with HIV, and ten million of them will develop AIDS. Research and statistics reveals that individual behavior is the strongest determinant of HIV and AIDS risk. This high-risk behavior place them in danger and is passed on to others by means of exchanging sex for money or drugs, injection drug users (IDUs), incarcerated persons, unborn babies of infected mothers, and other persons who have numerous sex partners. Individuals in communities where Sexual Transmitted Diseases are prevalent are also at high risk rates of AIDS and HIV infection are substantially higher in blacks than among whites, especially among adolescents and young adults (Healthy People 2000). Many factors contribute to why there are more African Americans infected with HIV, AIDS, and STDs than any other racial and ethnic group. 2 The purpose of this explanatory study is to find out why African Americans who live in low-income / African American communities are more likely to en... ...ervices (GAPS): Recommendations and Rationale. Chicago: American Medical Association, 1994      Anspaugh, D. J., Hamrick, M. H. & Rosato, F.D. 2000. Wellness Concepts and Applications (4th ed.). Boston: McGraw-Hill Companies.      Babbie, Earl R. 2001. The Practice of Social Research (9th ed.). United States: Wadsworth/Thomson Learning. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report. Atlanta: Centers For Disease Control and Prevention, 1995; 7(1): 1-34.      Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Trends in Sexual Risk Behavior among High School Students - United States, 1990,1991, and 1993. MMWR 1995; 44: 124 – 125.      Center for Disease Control and Prevention. National Prevention Information Network. Maryland: http://www.cdc.gov/hiv Crosby, Richard A. Rollins School of Public Health at Emory University. Atlanta: http://www.reutershealth.com/frame2/eline.html National Center for Healthy Statistics. Healthy People 2000 review. 1994. Hyattsville, MD: Public Health Service, 1995. (Publication no. DHHS (PHS) 95 – 1256 – 1).      Research on Molecular Immunology of Sexually Transmitted Diseases. NIH GUIDE, Volume 21, Number 19, May 22, 1992.
Friday, October 11, 2019
Immigration and Security Essay
The article, in a general context, raised the question on whether the concept of diplomacy and democracy has come back into the ideologies of the United States Government? After utiliziation of progress reports on the issue, the writer came up with a central argument suggesting that the United States government, with direct intervention by The Whitehouse, finally came up with a well-crafted solution that does not require the use brute force. Article writer David Silverberg (2007) stated that the compromise stipulated the following: Existing illegal aliens in the country (United States) can apply for residence Visas and eventual citizenship. Up yo 4oo,oo temporary employees can be admitted into the country for temporary employment but would have to leave after 2 years. The act will then open new portals for educated, skilled English-Speaking illegal aliens that have long conformed to the old system of family ties prevalent in the past. (2007) A certain premise of the article pointed out that the United States government had promulgated a possible solution to a problem that had been plaguing several of its major policies. The first policy violation was on illegal immigration, which caused disorient on the government funding because anti- illegal immigration efforts brought additional costs and damaged the American economy in general. The other was the destruction of the myth of the connection between illegal immigration issues and terrorism which affects the United States government’s war against terrorism. In connection, it was without a doubt that the United States have started filtering the country of foreigners particularly of Middle-Eastern heritage as an initial reaction to the Al Qaeda attacks in 2001. In spite of the fact that most illegal immigrants were quite useful in doing menial tasks, immigration policies intended for homeland security threats would not be efficient if it did not consider illegal immigration matters (Farnam, 2005, p. 168). The said issues answered the â€Å"So what?†question due to the fact that issue of illegal immigration in the United States draw mixed opinion from American citizens and political figures (Pew Hispanic Center, 2006, p. 1). It was in this regard that the main point of the article was very convincing in giving the importance to the matter, for the United States government appeared to have lost the sense of diplomacy in executing its policies directed toward national security after the 9/11 attacks. The compromise mentioned by Silverberg then was the first non-hostile resolve on a national security matter. The issues that the article tackled was not unique in any way for illegal immigration was already a serious matter in the United States since the late 19th century. The issues of illegal immigration started in the United States in 1882 (Lui, 2007), wherein the United States government banned most Chinese laborers because of threats of cheap labor which undermined the economic stability of the country (Smith & Edmonston, 1997, 23). Silverberg articulated several points, primarily on how the compromise became reasonable and fair, and how it will be beneficial to all the parties involved. The reason behind Silverberg’s judgment was grounded on the logic of the advocates who, because of their conflicting points of view, created dilemma in the legal and ethical perspectives. The dilemmas also affected the United States constitution, particularly immigration laws and human rights of the illegal aliens. Silverberg first bequeathed the side of the anti-illegal immigration advocates who argued that the United States constitution never tolerated mass law-violations, therefore such neglegeance should be punished accordingly. Sileverberg conversely showed compassion over poverty stricken individuals who sought for a better life in the United States, he also argued that penalizing illegal aliens was not a viable option for it will violate the policies of human rights. Second is the explanation of the side of the liberals who contested that illegal immigrants cannot afford legal fines that would be imposed. However, a simple humane point cannot justify the unconstitutional act of massive law breaking, hence, this is also not the perfect solution to the predicament. In a different note, Silverberg also attempted to pesuade readers in a securing perspective, that proposed counter-measures against illegal immigration such as investments on additional border patrol officers, more sophisticated border security technology, as well as construction of new detention facilities and extra efforts on identification of undocumented immigrants will tremendously affect the results of the compromise. In spite of the cost, Silverberg argued that the American government will reap a lot of fruit in their investments. Furthermore, Silverberg believed that despite all of the expenditures, the act and the counter-measures will provide favorable opportunities for the United States. Silverberg also pointed out careful and proper timing in implementation was a key factor for a rush in implementation may cause a difficulty in the process or disastrous results. Given the account that the proposition was a compromise, a wreckless execution of concepts may cause discrepancies in the status of illegal aliens. Silverberg only provided the idea of the compromise which is the only element close to literature in the article. However, the articles arguments were solidified by cited comments from key contributors such like Department of Homeland Security Secretary Michael Chertoff and Senators Ted Kennedy, Jon Kyl, and John McCain who supported and rejected the idea of the compromise respectively. The given sources provided Silverberg with ingenuity in crafting solid arguments which highlighted the importance of the subject matter at hand. Though the method of data collecting was not well explained or expounded, Silverberg managed to analyze the nature of the problem, the objectivity of the proposed solution, and plausible solutions to avoid the problem from repeating again. In this sense, the study can be replicated for the compromise generated numerous ideas for preventive methods. Furthermore, conducting a more formal study may serve as an eye -opener to the parties involved because the concerns of the article were inclined on how the United States government could lessen the violation of human rights in implementing policies. The variables Silverberg used were the parties involved, the â€Å"against†party and the â€Å"pro†party together with the points argued by the two opposing sides. Because as previously mentioned, the article pointed out the irrationalities and flaws of the advocacies which lead to the connotation that the article’s premise was the alternative point of view on the matter. There were no exact findings or results yet as the compromise is still under the stages of development. However, Silverberg managed to give a rough estimate that the compromise can practically give a positive light to all the parties involved. Silverberg gave particular emphasis on the universal nature of the compromise in how it addressed all the concerns of the parties involved. He also concluded that the efficiency of the compromise , regardless of ammendments, would be solid if ample time is given to perfect it. The findings were therefore comprehensive and complementing with the central argument and main points for Silverberg was capable of explicating how the compromise satisfied all sides in conflict. Judging from the arguments and the plausible solutions given, Silverberg successfully stimulated the importance of the matter. The article’s conclusion then proved to be full-proof for one of the conditions included careful implementation and sufficient time for ammendments and revisions. Silverberg thoroughly addressed the implications of his conclusions particularly on how he gave emphasis on the dilemma created by the opposing sides. Through explanations of the advocacies, Silverberg made a comprehensive defense of his main arguments about the advantages and impartiallity of the compromise. References Farnam, J. (2005). US Immigration Laws Under the Threat of Terrorism. New York: Algora Publishing. Lui, C. (2007, May 7). How Illegal Immigration was Born. American Heritage. Retrieved 23 May 2008, from http://www.americanheritage.com/articles/web/20070507-chinese-exclusion-act-california-chester-a-arthur-immigration-san-francisco-earthquake-of-1906-paper-sons.shtml Silverberg, D. (2007, May 22). The Immigration Debate and Homeland Security. Homeland Security Today. Retrieved 21 May 2008, from http://hstoday.us/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=284&Itemid=151 Smith, J.P., & Edmonston, B. (Eds.). (1997). The New Americans: Economic, Demographic, and Fiscal Effects of Immigration. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. The American Public Opinion on Immigration in Spring 2006: A review of Major Surveys (2006). Washington, DC: Pew Hispanic Center.
Thursday, October 10, 2019
Allman Brothers Band
Hailing from Macon, Georgia, the Allman Brothers Band were know as the foremost architects of Southern rock (Rock and Roll Hall of Fame the Allman Brothers Band, 2005). The band was known for their jam or improvisational sessions and forged a new musical offshoot from several elements of music blues, jazz, soul, R&B, and rock and roll. They help advance the genre of rock and roll, along with groups like the Grateful Dead and Cream (Rock and Roll Hall of Fame the Allman Brothers Band, 2005).The Allman Brothers Band developed a type of â€Å"jam†session that required a distinct level of technical genius and musical literacy, which was somewhat new to rock and roll (Rock and Roll Hall of Fame the Allman Brothers Band, 2005). Duane Allman, an original guitarist, and Dickey Betts broke the barrier with sensational guitar riffs and extended solos (Rock and Roll Hall of Fame the Allman Brothers Band, 2005). This combined with front man Gregg Allman’s husky, soulful vocals dro ve the Allman Brothers Band to rock and roll powerhouse from their 1969 beginnings (Rock and Roll Hall of Fame the Allman Brothers Band, 2005).The legendary band was formed in Jacksonville, Florida on March 26, 1969. The Allman Brothers Band was comprised of Gregg Allman, Duane Allman, Dickey Betts, Jai Johanny Johanson, Butch Trucks, and Berry Oakley (Freeman, 1995). The brothers, Gregg and Duane, were in other garage bands before the Allman Brothers Band (Freeman, 1995). The Allman Brothers Band played shows throughout the south prior to the release of their debut album, the Allman Brothers Band. The critics adored the album; however, the album attracted only limited listeners and consisted of a cult audience (Freeman, 1995).Their follow-up album, Idlewild South, was a mass success, both with critics and listeners. Idlewild South became a rather profitable album, as well. The Allman Brothers Band received a great honor of playing the last act at the Fillmore East before its closin g in June 1971. These last acts also received a renowned status due to their ability to play all night long (Kimball, 1971). Gregg Allman was noted to say that it was hard to realize how long they were playing until the morning light poured in (Kimball, 1971).In 1971, the Allman Brothers Band was virtually kicked in the groin when Duane Allman was killed in a catastrophic motorcycle crash in Macon, Georgia (Rock and Roll Hall of Fame the Allman Brothers Band, 2005). Gregg Allman said his brother Duane was the most intense person he knew. Only a year later, on November 11, 1972, Allman Brothers Band bassist, Berry Oakley died in a similar situation – his death occurred only a few blocks from Duane’s accident site (Rock and Roll Hall of Fame the Allman Brothers Band, 2005). The band regrouped and persevered.A second keyboardist, Chuck Leavell, added a jazz-like dimension. Lamar Williams later replaced Oakley as the band’s bassist. The most commercially successful album came in wake of their tragic losses (Rock and Roll Hall of Fame the Allman Brothers Band, 2005). The double album Eat a Peach reached number four on the charts. This album included Duane Allman’s last three studio performances. In 1973, Brothers and Sisters soared to number one and stayed there for five weeks, which included classics like â€Å"Blue Sky†and â€Å"Ramblin’ Man,†and lengthy pieces.In the same year, the Allman Band, along with the Grateful Dead, performed at the Grand Prix Racecourse in front of 600,000 rock and roll fans (Rock and Roll Hall of Fame the Allman Brothers Band, 2005). The mid-seventies proved problematic with substance abuse and internal disagreement. This triggered a two-year hiatus. However, the Gregg Allman band toured with the Dickey Betts Band in August of 1978 (Rock and Roll Hall of Fame the Allman Brothers Band, 2005). This rejoined the Allman Brothers Band and reverted to their classic dual-guitar line up.They w ould then move from Capricorn to Arista records. History repeats itself and the Allman Brothers Band disbanded again in 1982 (Rock and Roll Hall of Fame the Allman Brothers Band, 2005). In 1989, Dreams, the box set, was released, and the band reunited for what would later become the most productive chapters in their history. With two additions, Warren Haynes and Allen Woody, the band was revitalized. Their playing was as strong as ever, even dating back to the late Duane Allman and Berry Oakley (Rock and Roll Hall of Fame the Allman Brothers Band, 2005).The most stable line-up in the history of the Allman Brothers Band capitalized in 1991. The septet was consisted of Gregg Allman, Dickey Betts, Butch Trucks, Jaimoe Johanson, Warren Haynes, Allen Woody, and Marc Quinones (Rock and Roll Hall of Fame the Allman Brothers Band, 2005). Warren Haynes passed through their ranks capturing the technique and passion of the late Duane Allman (Rock and Roll Hall of Fame the Allman Brothers Band, 2005).The Allman Brothers Band released two of their most inspired albums in the early nineties, Shades of Two Worlds and Where It All Begins (Rock and Roll Hall of Fame the Allman Brothers Band, 2005). This line-up came to an end with the departure of Haynes and Woody to their side project Government Mule (Rock and Roll Hall of Fame the Allman Brothers Band, 2005). In 2000, the band forced Dickey Betts to sit out for personal and professional reasons during their summer tour.A bitter argument rose from this – Dickey Betts filled a lawsuit against the other three original members and the summer disconnection became a permanent divorce (Freeman, 1995). The band release a live album, Peakin’ At the Beacon, that chronicled the annual March tradition of a several night stand at the Beacon Theater in New York City. However, within that same year, bassist Allen Woody was found dead on August 26th. Warren Haynes began appearing with the Allman Brothers Band in 200 and rejoin ed full-time in 2001 (Rock and Roll Hall of Fame the Allman Brothers Band, 2005).The Allman Brothers gathered back to back Grammy Award nominations in 2003 and 2004 in the category of Best Rock Instrumental for performance of â€Å"Instrumental Illness. †The Rolling Stone magazine named Duane Allman, Warren Haynes, Dickey Betts, and Derek Trucks to their list of top 100 greatest guitarist (Kimball, 1971). Allman came in at number two, and Derek Trucks being the youngest on the list. The Allman Brothers Band was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame for many reasons. Their influential blended rock style paved the way for Southern rock.Their all-night, play to dawn sessions were fan favorites. Their albums were critically acclaimed and Grammy worthy. This band is legendary and according to George Kimball of Rolling Stones magazine â€Å", This is the best damn rock and roll band this country has produced†¦(Kimball, 1971). References Freeman, Scott. Midnight Riders The Story of the Allman Brothers Band. 1995. Kimball, George. Fillmore East Review. Rolling Stone magazine. 1971. Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Allman Brothers Band. 2005.
Wednesday, October 9, 2019
Adult Learning Today Essay Example for Free
Adult Learning Today Essay ? Adult learning has become the number one priority in everyone’s lives. The motivation and drive that is brought on by dreams and goals is phenomenal. Adult learners must be motivated to want to further their education. â€Å"Back in the 20th century various individuals, such as John Dewey, Eduard Lindeman, and Martha Anderson all pursued theories about Andragogy which was first used by Alexander Kapp in 1833†(Abela J, 2009). Andragogy means man and was used to describe the educational theory of the Greek philosopher Plato. Adults engaging in continuing education were studied in this theory. Andragogy assumes that â€Å"adults are independent, have various experiences, are motivated by internal drives, and integrate their learning into everyday life†(Abela J, 2009). It is easier to learn and teach when it is something that is well known. This article covers Andragogy learning theory because it is used now a day more than ever. The drive that keeps continuing education is oneself. The drive to motivation is based off of the Hierarchy of needs: self-actualization, esteem needs, social needs, safety needs, and physiological needs. The role of educators is the catalyst for motivation. It is easier to learn when the person teaching is knowledgeable and cares about the education aspects. However, reflection and motivation are insufficiently addressed by this concept. Learning activities should address the knowledge, skills, and attitudes to what is needed to become knowledgeable in retaining the information. Feedback when learning new information becomes an important role so that one may know whether the information is being comprehended as well as being retained for further use. Adults find motivation within the demands and desires of their lives, in providing for themselves and for their families, and in satisfying personal dreams and ambitions. Motivation may also come from inside a person or the surrounding environment. In everyday life as well as in the work aspects furthering education is the best way to stay up to date. Andragogy is a great theory and is used in everyday life more than realized. By looking into the reasoning behind all my motivation there are the answers I have always tried to find. What am I working towards? For who? I am an adult learner and motivation is key to my life and what I want out of it. Motivation is my drive to furthering my own education. Andragogy actually describes me perfectly. I am motivated, independent, and I apply all my knowledge to everyday life. It helps greatly when professors and educators actually work with you and help you better understand the information being taught versus just being a â€Å"teacher†for the money. I feel as if teachers online especially have lost sight of the education aspects. Left out from the summary Andragogy is a popular theory used in medical education. Theory works perfectly into my life even though I am a Business major; I also have the drive to help the elderly, so I am a certified nursing assistant. My professors have been there for me and helped me greatly. My learning style is independent much like Andragogy but, I also have to apply everything I learn into everyday life or I won’t be able to retain all the information given. Motivation is the key to anything you want to achieve in life and motivation is what keeps me going during the long work weeks and the long school hours. If one concept doesn’t work then move onto another concept until the learning style clicks. In this article the medical field and this adult learning theory works exceptionally well. Although this may be just another theory, it is of great importance to the adult learners furthering their education. We can better understand the world around us and how things are done if we understand how to retain the information given. As a full-time student, young mom, and full-time worker, online education has been more than helpful. It is my motivation to finish my associates, then finish out with my bachelors, and move forward to the next steps in my life. They say, â€Å"You can’t teach an old dog new tricks†, teach things the first time and use all concepts needed and you will soon achieve life goals. By furthering your education you may open up doors and opportunities you would not have gotten if you had not decided to go to school. Education is the best decision you could make for yourself as well as to make the world a better place by being educated. Works Cited Abela, J. (2009). Adult learning theories and medical education: a review. Malta Medical Journal, 21(1), 11-18. Merriam S (2008). Adult Learning Theory for the Twenty-First Century. Pg. 119. Adult Learning Today. (2016, Dec 31).
Tuesday, October 8, 2019
Empowerment and Goal Setting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words
Empowerment and Goal Setting - Essay Example It is management's responsibility to create an environment in which that knowledge is brought out and used for the benefit of the people and the organisation. An employee's ability to solve problems, make decisions and take actions based on those decisions, management has often encouraged the first two but has failed to allow the third. (Holbeche 2004, p.60). Three organisations utilising the empowerment process are Delphi Packard (Delphi), Virgin Mobile and Ritz Carlton Hotels, all three organisations are applying the process differently and with differing results. Delphi is applying empowerment as stated in the Holbeche quote from a management perspective, the lead engineer responsible for the day to day engineering management of the Ford Transit Project, has been empowered to request overtime for contractors and permanent staff. The necessity for it and the amount of time required needs to be agreed by senior management. The lead engineer also has the responsibility for giving appraisals and assigning staff responsibilities. All of which merely removes some of the repetitive tasks from the HR department. In opposition the junior staff at Delphi have been given more empowerment as an engineer can act on his decision to make changes to the system without the need to consult the lead engineer.
Monday, October 7, 2019
Den Arts Center Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words
Den Arts Center - Essay Example This is evident from the fact that gross attendance remains the same each year i.e., 15,000. This also depicts stability of the center, as the center has built up a certain reputation. This includes HRM practices in the areas of recruitment and selection, training, performance appraisal, development of human resource (HR) policies, and maintenance of HR records. (Kotey & Slade, 2005) Today multinational enterprises (MNEs) conduct business in context with being global and follows the slogan "No place to hide", this enables local as well as multinational businesses to keep up the pace in two aspects. First, they emphasize upon their "product" quality to maximize customer satisfaction, secondly they require reshaping their HRM policies and practice accordingly. The Head of Center must hire a manager who possess multidimensional perspective along with multienvironment experience, so that he could realize the need for change in the environment of Den's Arts Center and improve their quality in terms of their performers and services. This is only possible through effective recruiting of artists and performers from different countries. The manager must possess the capability to quickly and easily adapt into the foreign culture, individual with as much cultural mix, diversity, and experience as possible. The manager must possess the ability to indulge into effective people skills in dealing with a variety of cultures, races, nationalities, genders, and religions. This would enable the Arts center to perform more professionally and on an international platform. (Briscoe & Schuler, 2004, p. 238) The Arts Center is lacking global recruitment due to which they are limited to the choice of young people and not the elderly ones. They must enhance thei r capabilities to increase the circle of their target audience to mature people. Whether the local HR manager is from the country of the parent company, from the country of the local subsidiary, or from a third country, he or she is sandwiched between his or her own culture and the 'foreign' cultures of the firm. Human resource managers at the local, regional, and headquarters levels must integrate and coordinate activities taking place in diverse environments with people of diverse backgrounds. And they are usually looked to for expertise in helping other managers be successful in their international endeavors, as well. (Briscoe & Schuler, 2004, p. 27) Den's Arts Center is in desperate need of a change in their policies in umpteen ways. There is a need to hire 'multicultural' trainers including local as well as international drama specialists, drama artists to train and groom their youngsters. They must hire renowned choreographers. Den Arts Center should promote Students' arts, crafts and paintings in their dramas based on 'merit' factor from various primary and secondary schools. This on one hand where provide them with an opportunity for ease of selecting quality work, on the other hand it would motivate the students to perform better. This would help them in future to select trainers from among those talented student individuals, which worked for them in the past. Over the years, as
Sunday, October 6, 2019
Money and capital market Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words
Money and capital market - Essay Example This form of policy gives the bank an opportunity to avail massive liquidity. This policy is very effective in addressing frozen liquidities that are experienced across the globe especially in the United States of America where money transfer between banks has been witnessed during a financial crisis. This is a step to mitigate the effects liquidity shortage could have as far as solvency problems is concerned. Liquidity policy response is also beneficial in many ways. It does not only offer solutions to short term money problems in market rates. It also helps to ease pressures at the markets as far as funding is concerned. This is a step towards ensuring that funds are supplied for long term benefits as well. Further, central banks help by enlarging the eligibility base as far collateral lending is concerned. In exceptional cases, central banks increase their lending bases to non depository financial institutions and banks as well (Stein, 2011, p. 4). Finally, central bank uses the l iquidity response policy to establish felicities for lending to enhance the market repose between banks. Liquidity response policies to the economic crisis have been seen to be essential in nurturing good communications among different countries of the world. In addition, central banks have also assisted many institutions within a country as far as emergency assistance concerning money is concerned. Swapping of money among banks has been also witnessed in Europe in 2011 in response to an economic crisis within the European Union. Monetary policy response also helps to determine the levels of interests’ rates. Subsequently; good interest’s rates create stable prices in an economy. For example in 2011, European countries adjusted the interest’s rate of their currency to avoid financial crisis. This way, the frameworks under which markets operate become favourable (Monetary policy report, 2011, p. 2). In addition, the decisions are transmitted to financial markets, as well as the actual economy, which increases the efficiency of the economy. Central banks have responsibilities to adjust the policies related to money to prevent the risk of economic instability. This way, the monetary policies are very important in dealing with problems related to inflation as the macroeconomic environments are usually kept in stable conditions. Ultimately; the possibilities of the financial crisis are greatly reduced. Fiscal policies are also handy in addressing economic policies. This is usually seen by the initiatives a particular government puts into place so as to deal well with the financial crisis within a nation. Fiscal policies are suitable in propagating a real economy from an economic crisis (Miriam, 2011, p.3). This form of policy involves a lot of interventions by the government in addressing the challenges an individual institution faces as far as the financial crisis is concerned. Other initiatives are also taken by governments so as to boost dom estic economies. Improving housing markets; for example, is very useful in boosting the local economies. In addition, supporting the growth of domestic industries rather than the individual ones is also a step towards increasing the growth of domestic economies in Australia as at 2012. Finally; monetary policies reforms as a way of dealing with the financial crisis are one of the options that are necessary. Such reforms can restore confidence within markets resulting into a financial
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